بررسی تعارض قاعدۀ مشائی کل ممکن زوج ترکیبی با وجود صرف و بلا ماهیت بودن مجردات امکانی نزد حکمای اشراقی از منظر حکمت متعالیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد رشتۀ فلسفه و کلام اسلامی دانشکدۀ الهیات و معارف اسلامی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار گروه فلسفه و کلام دانشکده الهیات دانشگاه تهران

10.22061/orj.2021.1758

چکیده

با تفحص در آثار فیلسوفان اسلامی با قاعده «کل ممکن زوج ترکیبی» برخورد می‌کنیم که براساس آن همۀ موجودات امکانی دارای ماهیت هستند. بااین‌حال قاعده دیگری نیز با عنوان «النفس و ما‌‌‌‌‌ ‌فوقها وجودات صرفه» از سوی اصحاب حکمت متعالیه مورد قبول واقع شده است که براساس آن طبق تفسیر بدوی حکم بر فقدان ماهیت در مجردات شده است. سؤال اصلی پژوهش حاضر این است که آیا تناقضی بین دو قاعده وجود دارد یا خیر و در صورت عدم وجود تناقض، دیدگاه‌هایی که از سوی فیلسوفان برای رفع تناقض ظاهری بیان شده است چیست؟ برخی بین این دو قاعده تناقض قائل بوده و معتقدند رای نهایی صدرا تنها پذیرش یکی از این دو قاعده است. برخی دیگر هم معتقدند که علی‌رغم تناقض ظاهری، حقیقتاً بین این دو قاعده تناقضی وجود ندارد. نگارندگان بعد از احصای پاسخ‌های مطرح‌شده از سوی فیلسوفان آنها را قانع‌کننده نیافته ازاین‌رو با تحقیق و نگاه دوباره در معانی ماهیت پاسخ دیگری در این مقاله ارائه داده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Reviewing the Conflict of the Mashay Principle" Every Contingent Thing is Composite Duality " and Mere Identically of Immaterial Beings by the Illumination Scholars from the Perspective of Transcendent Wisdom

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ramin Azizi 1
  • Hassan Ebrahimi 2
1 Educated in Islamic Philosophy and Theology, M. A, University of Tehran
2 Associate Professor of Islamic philosophy, Tehran university
چکیده [English]

With a thorough investigation in the works of Muslim philosophers we see the principle “Every contingent thing is composite duality, composed of quiddity and existence”. Which means that all contingent entities have the essence. However, there is another principle “The soul and above of it are mere identically and pure being” which has been accepted by companions of the philosophy of Illumination and Transcendent wisdom. according to this principle in an Initial Review, non-material objects do not have the essence. The main question of this investigation is if there is any contradiction between these two principles and if there is not, what would be the answer of philosophers to the seeming contradiction. some believe there is a contradiction between these two principles and the final idea of Mulla Sadrā is one of them. On the contrary, some believe there is no contradiction between these two principles. The author does not regard the answers of the philosophers to be satisfactory and criticizes them. Hence, studying the different meanings of the essence, provided another answer in this paper.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • the Essence
  • Mere Identically
  • Pure Being
  • Peripatetic Principle
  • Illuminative Principle
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