[1] ایلخانی، محمد، ( 1375)، اصل فردیت در آثار بوئتیوس، نامة فرهنگ (خلاقیت و فرهنگ)، سال ششم، شمارة دوم، شمارة مسلسل 22.
[2] تفتازانی، مسعود بن عمر، (1371)، شرح المقاصد، چاپ عبدالرحمان عمیره، قم، چاپ افست.
[3] جرجانی، علی بن محمد، (1370)، شرح المواقف، چاپ محمد بدرالدین نعسانی حلبی، قم، چاپ افست.
[4] ریچلز، جیمز، ( 1387)، فلسفه اخلاق، اخگری، آرش، تهران، حکمت.
[5] سبزواری، هادی بن مهدی، (1416)،شرح المنظومة، تهران، چاپ حسن حسن زاده آملی.
[6] صدرالدین شیرازى، محمدابن ابراهیم، (1368)، الحکمۀ المتعالیۀ فى الاسفار الاربعۀ، تهران، حیدرى.
[7] صدرالدین شیرازى، محمدابن ابراهیم، (1302)، رسالۀ فی التشخص، از کتاب مجموعه رسائل تسعه، تهران، بیجا.
[8] صدرالدین شیرازى، محمدابن ابراهیم، (1360)، الشواهد الربوبیة فى المناهج السلوکیة، تصحیح و تعلیق از سید جلال الدین آشتیانی، مشهد، مرکز نشر دانشگاهی.
[9] فخررازی، محمدبن عمر، (1966)، کتاب المباحث المشرقیة فی علم الالهیات و الطبیعیات، تهران، مکتبه الأسدی.
منابع لاتین
[10] Rans, Ayn, 1957, Atlas Shrugged, New York: Random House.
[11] Rans, Ayn,1961a, For the New Intellectual: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand, New York: New American Library.
[12] Rans, Ayn,1964a, The Virtue of Selfishness: A New Concept of Egoism, New York: New American Library. Contains Rand's main statement of her ethics originally delivered as a lecture, and essays by Rand and Nathaniel Branden published in The Objectivist Newsletter (Rand 1982b) between 1961 and 1964.
[13] Rans, Ayn, 1964b, “Playboy Interview: Ayn Rand,” by Alvin Toffler, Playboy (March), 35–43.
[14] Rans, Ayn,1965, “What Is Capitalism?,” Objectivist Newsletter (November-December), Rand 1982b; reprinted in Rand 1967, pp. 11–34.
[15] Rans, Ayn,1970, “Causality Versus Duty” in Rand 1982a, pp. 95–101.
[16] Rans, Ayn,1974, “Moral Inflation,” Ayn Rand Letter 3.12–14 (Rand 1979).
[17] Rans, Ayn,1982a, Philosophy: Who Needs It, New York: Bobbs-Merrill.
[18] Badhwar, N.K., 1999, “Is Virtue Only a Means to Happiness? An Analysis of Virtue and Happiness in Ayn Rand's Writings,” Reason Papers No. 24, 27–44.
[19] Badhwar, N.K, N.K., 1993a. “Altruism vs Self-Interest: Sometimes a False Dichotomy,” Social Philosophy and Policy, 10(1): 90–117 and in Altruism, E. F. Paul (ed.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[20] Bidinotto, R., 1994. “Survive or Flourish?—A Reconciliation,”
[21] Brunton, J. A., “The Devil Is Not a Fool, or Egoism Re-Visited”, in American Philosophical Quarterly, Vol. 12, No. 4 (Oct., 1975), pp. 321-330
[22] Den Uyl, D., and Rasmussen, D., 1978, “Nozick on the Randian Argument,” The Personalist, April 1978; reprinted in Paul, J. (ed.), 1983, Reading Nozick, Essays on Anarchy, State, and Utopia, Totowa: Rowman and Allanheld, pp. 232–269.
[23] Falk, W.D., 1963. “Morality, Self, and Others,” Morality and the Language of Conduct, Hector-Neri Castaneda and George Nakhnikian (eds.), Detroit: Wayne State University Press: pp. 34–39.
[24] Flew, A., 1984. “Selfishness and the Unintended Consequences of Intended Action,” in Den Uyl and Rasmussen 1984. 183–205.
[25] Gilligan, C., 1982. In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
[26] Gotthelf, A., 1999. On Ayn Rand, Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
[27] Hampton, J., 1993. “Selflessness and the Loss of Self,” Social Philosophy and Policy, 10: 135–65, and in Altruism, E. F. Paul (ed.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[28] Hunt, L., 1999, “Flourishing Egoism,” Social Philosophy and Policy, 16(1): 72–95.
[29] Kelley, D. and Thomas, W., 1999, The Logical Structure of Objectivism
[30] Long, R., 2000. Reason and Value: Aristotle versus Rand, with Commentaries by Fred D. Miller, Jr. and Eyal Moses, and a Reply by Long. Poughkeepsie: Objectivist Center.
[31] Machan, T., 1984, “Reason, Individualism, and Capitalism: The Moral Vision of Ayn Rand,”, in Den Uyl and Rasmussen 1984a, pp. 206–223.
[32] Machan, T, 2000. Ayn Rand, New York: Peter Lang Publishing.
[33] Mack, E., 1984. “The Fundamental Moral Elements of Rand's Theory of Rights,” in Den Uyl and Rasmussen 1984a, 122–61.
[34] Smith, Tara; Mayhew, R., Ayn Rand's normative ethics: The virtuous egoist, Philosophical Books 49 (1):56-57 (2008)
[35] Monro, D. H, “Empiricism and Ethics”, Cambridge University Press; 1 edition: 2009
[36] Nozick, R., 1971. “On the Randian Argument,” in Reading Nozick, Essays on Anarchy, State, and Utopia, J. Paul (ed.), Totowa: Rowman and Allanheld, pp. 206–231; reprinted in R. Nozick, Socratic Puzzles, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997. pp. 249–264.
[37] Österberg, Jan, 1988, “Self and Others: A Study of Ethical Egoism”, Kluwar Academic Publishers.
[38] Peikoff, L., 1991. Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand, New York: Dutton.
[39] Pojman, L., 1995, Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong, 7th ed., revised by J. Fieser, Cengage Advantage Books.
[40] Rachels, J., 2000, “Egoism and Skepticism,” in Exploring Ethics: An Introductory Anthology, 1st ed., S.M. Cahn (ed.), New York: Oxford University Press.
[41] Rasmussen, D., 2002, “Rand on Obligation and Value,” The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, 4.1: 69–86.
[42] Smith, 2000. Viable Values: A Study of Life as the Root and Reward of Morality, New York: Rowman & Littlefield.
[43] Smith, 2006. Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics: The Virtuous Egoist, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
)