تحلیل رفتار حرکتی در نگرش هستی‌شناسانه فلسفه اصالت وجود.

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران

10.22061/orj.2025.2296

چکیده

در اندیشه فلسفه اصالت وجود، رفتار حرکتی  و تربیت بدنی به منظور کسب مهارت و ورزیدگی و قهرمانی تلقی نمی‌شوند، بلکه به آنها به مثابه هماهنگی با هستی و جریان زندگی نگریسته می‌شود. این نگرش فلسفی، برای رفتار حرکتی بروندادهایی چون تعمیق معنای وجودی و خودشکوفایی متصور است. از آنجا که یکی از اصول بنیادین اگزیستانسیالیسم، تقدم وجود بر ماهیت و آزادی انسان در شکل‌دهی به سرنوشت خویش است، رفتار حرکتی نه تنها بازتابی از هستی انسان است بلکه در شکل­دهی به آن نقش دارد. بر این مبنا، هدف پژوهش حاضر، تحلیل رفتار حرکتی در نگرش هستی شناسانه فلسفه اصالت وجود بود. روش پژوهش، تحلیل محتوای کیفی با رویکرد استنتاج منطقی بوده است. با توجه به مبانی، در مکتب اصالت وجود، رفتار حرکتی، به عنوان پدیده‌ای وجودی انسان را در ارتباط با هستی خود یاری داده و به خودشکوفایی می‌رساند. با عنایت به موضع اختیارگرایانه فلسفه اصالت وجود در مسئله جبر و اختیار، فعالیت‌های حرکتی به عنوان انتخاب‌های آگاهانه، بیانگر آزادی و اختیار انسان هستند. در این مکتب، واقعیت توسط تجارب شخصی معین می شود و از همین جهت، بازی به عنوان تجربه ای ارزشمند در شناخت مفاهیم و محیط است. در این راستا ورزش‌های انفرادی به دلیل آزادی عمل بیشتر، مهم‌تر از ورزش‌های گروهی‌اند. علاوه بر این، اجرای حرکات می تواند به شناخت بهتر از وجود خویش منجر شود. با این حال، اگزیستانسیالیست ها با ورزش قهرمانی چندان موافق نیستند و آن را باعث اختلال در ماهیت انسان و گرایش او به سوی کمال مرتبط می‌دانند. به طور کلی در دیدگاه فلسفه اصالت وجود، رفتار حرکتی فراتر از یک فعالیت فیزیکی صرف در نظر گرفته شده که  با وجوه وجودی و هستی ‌شناختی و مفاهیمی چون خودشکوفایی، اختیار، آزادی و مسئولیت ‌پذیری ارتباط و پیوند عمیقی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Motor Behavior in the Ontological Perspective of Existential Philosophy

نویسنده [English]

  • Sayed Kavos Salehi
Assistant Professor, Department of Motor Behavior, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the philosophy of existentialism, motor behavior and physical education are not perceived as means to acquire skills, proficiency, or achieve championship status. Rather, they are viewed as aligning with existence and the flow of life. This philosophical perspective sees motor behavior beyond the achievements of championship, envisioning outcomes such as responsibility, hope for life, deepening existential meaning, and self-actualization. Since one of the foundational principles of existentialism is the precedence of existence over essence and human freedom in shaping one’s destiny, motor behavior is not only a reflection of human existence but also contributes to shaping it. Based on this, the aim of the present study was to analyze motor behavior from the ontological viewpoint of existentialism. The research method was qualitative content analysis with a logical inference approach. According to existentialist principles, motor behavior is considered a phenomenon connected to human existence, helping individuals connect with their own being and achieve self-actualization. Given that existentialism holds a strongly libertarian stance on the issue of free will, motor activities are regarded as conscious choices and symbols of human freedom and autonomy. In this philosophy, reality is determined by personal experiences, and thus, play can aid the growing individual in understanding concepts and the environment. In this regard, individual sports such as swimming, chess, and shooting, which ensure personal freedom, hold more significance than team sports. Moreover, through motor behavior, individuals can take responsibility for their growth and development as a personal journey, offering opportunities for decision-making, choice, and the creation of their identity, aligning both mind and body toward self-actualization. However, existentialists are not particularly in favor of competitive sports, as they believe it may interfere with human nature. Overall, in existentialist philosophy, motor behavior is considered more than a mere physical activity; it is deeply connected to existential and ontological aspects, as well as concepts such as self-actualization, freedom, autonomy, and responsibility.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Motor Behavior
  • Movement
  • Play
  • Existentialism
  • Existential Philosophy

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