پیوند تشکیکی عرفان و برهان، و پیامدهای تعامل دوسویۀ آن‌ها.

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه فلسفه، دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

10.22061/orj.2024.2068

چکیده

عرفان و فلسفه، روش‌های گوناگونی برای شناخت حقیقت دارند؛ یکی برپایۀ برهان‌های عقلی و دیگری با شهودهای قلبی سامان می‌یابد. اما این تفاوت روشی، لزوماً به تقابل محتوایی نخواهد انجامید؛ زیرا هریک از آن‌ها اگر برابر موازین پیش روند به حقیقت می‌رسند؛ حقیقتِ یگانۀ مشکّکی که هرکدام به­اندازۀ خویش، آن­را می­یابند. اختلاف این یافته‌ها طولی و تشکیکی است، نه عرضی و تقابلی؛ به­گونه­ای که یک حقیقت خارجی در دو سطح برتر و پست‌تر ادراکی، یافته می‌شود. درنتیجه گزاره­های برآمده از برهان و شهود، یکدیگر را تایید می­کنند، نه تکذیب. بنابراین گزاره­های عرفانی عقل‌پذیرند، نه عقل‌گریز یا عقل‌ستیز. ازسوی دیگر، هریک از این روش‌ها برتری­هایی بر دیگری دارند که تعامل دوسویۀ آن‌ها را بایسته می‌سازد. برخی از مهم‌ترین پیامدهای این تعامل عبارتند از: 1. نقش عقل در سنجش، تصویرسازی و اثبات محتوای شهودی. 2. نقش شهود در ژرفابخشی به تصور مسئله، یافتن حد وسط، و فزایندگی یقین عقلی. مقالۀ پیش­رو با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، پیوند تشکیکی عرفان و برهان، و تعامل دوسویه آن‌ها را تبیین خواهد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Graded Linkage between Mysticism and Demonstration, and the Consequences of their Mutual Interaction

نویسنده [English]

  • Rouhollah Souri
Assistant Professor in Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Mysticism and philosophy have different methods for recognizing truth. One is organized on the basis of rational demonstrations and the other with heartfelt intuitions. This methodic difference, however, will not lead to confrontation of content, because if they go forth based on the rules, each of them will achieve the truth, i.e. the single graded truth whom each of them will find in proportion to their own capacity. The difference of these findings is longitudinal and graded, not traverse and confrontational, in a way that one single external truth is found in both upper and lower levels of perception. As a result, the propositions originated from demonstration and intuition support, not falsify, one another. Thus, mystical propositions are rational, not irrational or anti-rational. On the other hand, each of these methods have superiorities over others, which makes their mutual interaction essential. Some of the most important consequences of this interaction are as follows: (1) the role of reason in assessing, imaging and proving the intuitive content; (2) the role of intuition in deepening the image of the problem, finding the middle limit, and increasing the rational certitude. The present article uses a descriptive-analytical method to explain the graded linkage of mysticism and demonstration as well as their mutual interaction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mysticism
  • Philosophy
  • Graded Linkage
  • Inseparability
  • Rationality of Mysticism

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