تاثیرپذیری فیلسوفان مسلمان از قرآن کریم در برخی مباحث عالم طبیعت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استاد و عضو هیات علمی پژوهشگاه علوم و فرهنگ اسلامی

10.22061/orj.2022.1761

چکیده

بی­تردید قرآن کریم از عوامل موثر در شکل­گیری، رشد و توسعه برخی علوم بوده و هست و در فلسفه اسلامی نیز نقش ارزنده­ای ایفا کرده است. از جمله در حوزه جهان­شناسی فلسفی، علاوه بر افق­گشایی نسبت به مسائل بسیاری که در قرآن بدان­ها اشاره شده است، به اصلاح و تکمیل برخی باورهای فلسفی نیز انجامیده است. این مقاله در پی اثبات تاثیر آموزه های قرآن کریم در ساحت جهان شناسی فلسفی است و به عنوان نمونه چهار مسئله جهان شناختی آغاز و آفرینش جهان، حدوث و قدم عالم، حرکت جوهری و آگاهی و شعور موجودات را به روش توصیفی تحلیلی بررسی کرده و از این رهگذر به مقایسه آرای فلاسفه مسلمان با اندیشه­های فلسفی یونان می­پردازد. این تحقیق نشان می­دهد در آن دسته از مسائل که در فلسفه یونان ریشه دارند، نه تنها آرای جهان شناختی فلاسفه مسلمان تابع اندیشه­های ارسطوئی نیست بلکه به طور معناداری به آموزه­های قرآنی نزدیک­تر است. از این رو این سخن خاورشناسان که فلسفه اسلامی تکرار تقلیدگونه فلسفه یونان است، از حقیقت عاری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Influence of Muslim Philosophers on the Holy Quran in Some Issues of the Natural World

نویسنده [English]

  • Alireza Asaadi
Assistant Professor, Department of kalam, Research Institute of Islamic Philosophy and kalam, Research Institute of Islamic Sciences and Culture. Qom. Iran
چکیده [English]

Undoubtedly, the Holy Quran has been and is one of the effective factors in the formation, growth and development of some sciences and has also played a valuable role in Islamic philosophy. In philosophical cosmology, in addition to opening the horizons to the many issues mentioned in the Qur'an, it has also led to the reform and completion of some philosophical beliefs. This article seeks to prove the impact of the teachings of the Holy Quran on philosophical cosmology, for example the four cosmological issues of the beginning and creation of the world, the origin and step of the universe, substantive motion and consciousness And to study the consciousness of beings in a descriptive-analytical way and through this to compare the views of Muslim philosophers with the philosophical ideas of Greece. This research shows that in those issues that are rooted in Greek philosophy, not only are the cosmological views of Muslim philosophers not subject to Aristotelian ideas, but they are significantly closer to the Qur'anic teachings. Hence, the statement of Orientalists that Islamic philosophy is an imitation of Greek philosophy is untrue.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • «Natural World»
  • «Islamic Philosophy»
  • « Holy Quran»
  • «Greek Philosophy»
  • «Philosophical Cosmology»

مراجع

Holy Quran, translated by Fooladvand.
Aristotle, Metaphysics, translated by Sharafuddin Khorasani, Tehran: Goftar Publishing. 1988. Persian.
Baghdadi A, Usul al-Din, Qom, Dar al-Fikr. 1997. Arabic.
Banoo Amin, Makhzan Al-erfan. No place, No publisher, No Date. Persian.
Copleston F, History of Philosophy, translated by Seyed Jalaluddin Mojtaba, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publishing Company. 1989. Persian.
Fallah Rafi A,  A Critique of Greek Thought and the First Muslim Philosophers, Knowledge, 2001, 42, pp. 8-22. Persian.
Farabi M, Fusus al-Hakam, research by Muhammad Hassan al-Yasin, Qom, Bidar. 1985a. Arabic.
------------, Al-jame bain raeye al-hakimain, Tehran: Al-Zahra Publications. 1985 b. Arabic.
-------------------, Fosool montazeah, Al-Zahra Publications: Tehran. 1985. Arabic.
Ghaffari H, Islamic Philosophy or Philosophy of Muslims, Philosophy, 2000 , 1, pp. 71-96. Persian.
Gilson E, God and Philosophy, translated by Shahram Pazouki, Tehran: Haghighat, 1995. Persian.
Ibn Sina H, Theology from the Book of Al-shifa, research by Allama Hassanzadeh Amoli, Qom: Qom Seminary Islamic Propaganda Office. 1997. Arabic.
-----------------, Al-Najah, edited by Mohammad Taghi Daneshpajooh, Tehran: University of Tehran, 2000. Arabic.
-----------------, Al-Shifa (Nature), edited by Ibrahim Biomi Madkour, Qom: Ayatollah Marashi Najafi Public Library. 1985. Arabic.
------------------, Sharho Al-esharat va Al-tanbiaht, Qom: Book Publishing Office. 1983. Arabic.
Jean Wall A, Discussion in Metaphysics, translated by Yahya Mahdavi, Tehran: Kharazmi, 1996. Persian.
Kennedy Y, Al-Kindi Philosophical Treatises, Muhammad Abdul Hadi Abu Rida, Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi. 1978. Arabic.
-------------------, Kennedy Essays Collection, translated by Seyed Mahmoud Yousef Thani, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publishing Company. 2008. Arabic.
Makarem Shirazi N, The Ideal Commentary, Tehran: Islamic Bookstore, 2000. Persian.
Malekian M , History of Western Philosophy, Qom: Research Institute and University, 2000. Persian.
Mulla Sadra M, Asrar al-Ayyat wa Anwar al-Binat, Tehran: Islamic Wisdom and Philosophy Association. 1981a. Arabic.
------------------, Al-Hekmat Al-motaaliah, Beirut: Dar Al-Ehya Al-Torath Al-Arabi. 1981 b. Arabic.
------------------, Al-Mabda wa Al-Ma'ad, Tehran: Iranian Wisdom and Philosophy Association. 1975. Arabic.
--------------, Al-Mashaer, Tehran: Tahoori. 1984. Arabic.
--------------, Al-Mazaher Al-elaheah, Tehran: Sadra Islamic Wisdom Foundation, 1999a. Arabic.
------------------, Al-Shawahid Al-Rububiyyah, Tehran: University Publishing Center. 1981. Arabic.
--------------, Tafsir Alquran Al-karim, Qom, Bidar: 1987. Arabic.
--------------,Resalaton Fi Al-hodoos, research by Hossein Mousavian, Tehran: Sadra Islamic Wisdom Foundation, 1999 b. Arabic.
Mustafa Abdul Razzaq, Tamhidon Letarikh AL-Falsafato Al-eslamiah, Cairo: Maktab al-Thaqafah al-Diniya, 2005. Persian.
Neton I, Allah Transcendent, translated by Leila Asghari, Tehran: Hekmat, 2018. Persian.
Paktchi A, The Meaning of "Nothing" in the Transition from Greek Philosophy to Islamic Philosophy, Journal of the Humanities, 2006, 49, pp. 109-126. Persian.
Plato, Plato's collection of works, translated by Mohammad Hassan Lotfi, Tehran: Kharazmi Publishing Company. 1988. Persian.
Rostami Y, The the origination and eternity of the universe in the thought of Aristotle and Ibn Sina, Epistemological Research, , 2013, 6, pp. 132-151. Persian.
Tabatabai M, Al-Mizan Fi Tafsir Al-Quran, Beirut: Scientific Institute for Publications. 1972-1974. Arabic.
Thomas H, the greats of philosophy, translated by Fereydoun Badraei, Tehran: Kayhan Publications 1983. Persian.
Wolfson H, Philosophy of Theology, translated by Ahmad Aram, Tehran: Al-Huda Publications, 1989. Persian.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار