تحلیل هستی‌شناسانۀ «لم یولد» با تاکید بر آرای ابن‌سینا، ملاصدرا و علامه طباطبایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار دانشکدۀ الهیات و معارف اسلامی دانشگاه مازندران

10.22061/orj.2020.1586

چکیده

سورۀ توحید، محفوف در مضامین عمیق فلسفی و هستی‌شناسانه است، که با توجه به سنخ استدلالی آن، تفاسیر فلاسفه اسلامی، مستمسک خوبی برای فهم می‌باشد. پژوهش حاضر در پی آن است که استدلال ها و نکات مربوط به «لم یولد» را، از منظر فلاسفه اسلامی (با محوریت تفاسیر هستی‌شناختی ابن‌سینا، ملاصدرا و علامه طباطبایی)، مورد تحلیل مستقل و نقد تطبیقی قرار دهد. روش پژوهش، تحلیلی- توصیفی است.
در طول پژوهش از نماد ها و جداول برای بازنویسی منطقی استدلال ها بهره گیری شده است. مبتنی بر یافته های پژوهش، استدلال ابن‌سینا [نفی مولودیت خداوند، مبتنی بر ناسازگاری لذاته بودن با مولودیت و نیاز به غیر]، جامع نمی‌باشد؛ این استدلال، با لحاظ مقدمات دیگر قابلیت اصلاح و تقریر نو دارد.  استدلال علامه طباطبایی [نفی مولودیت خداوند، مبتنی بر ناسازگاری صمدیت با مولودیت و نیازمندی]، بدلیل متفرع شدن بر «صمدیت» قابلیت نقد دارد. با ملاحظه انتقادی- ترکیبیِ استدلال ابن‌سینا و علامه طباطبایی می‌توان استدلال جدیدی را سامان داد. استدلال اول ملاصدرا [ نفی مولودیت مبتنی بر تناقض مابین اقدم بودن واجب با تقدم والد]، بدلیل دخالت غیر ضروریِ مساله «اولویت»، قابل نقد و اصلاح است. استدلال دوم ملاصدرا [نفی مولودیت بدلیل استلزام امکان] پسندیده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Ontological Analysis of "Nor Was Begotten" with Emphasis on the Viewpoints of Avicenna, Mulla Sadra, and Allameh Tabatabai

نویسندگان [English]

  • mehran rezaee
  • mohammad esmaeel ghasemitoosi
Faculty of Theology and Islamic Sciences- University of Mazandaran- Babolsar- Mazandaran- Iran
چکیده [English]

The Surah of Tawhid is filled with deep philosophical and ontological contents, which according to its argumentative category, the interpretations of Islamic philosophers are strong-hold for understanding. The present study seeks to analyze and critic the reasonings and points related to »nor was begotten «  from Islamic philosophers` perspectives (focusing on the ontological interpretations of Avicenna, Mulla Sadra, and Allameh Tabatabai). The research method is analytic-descriptive. Throughout the research, symbols and tables have been used to logically rewrite the arguments. Based on the research findings, Avicenna's reasoning [denial of God's birth, based on the incompatibility of God`s Essence with birth and the need for others] is not comprehensive; This reasoning by considering other preliminaries can be revised and re-interpreted. Allameh Tabatabai's reasoning [denial of God's birth, based on the incompatibility of God`s Eternity with birth and need], can be criticized because of the ramifying of Eternity. New reasoning can be arranged by considering the combined critical reasoning of Avicenna and Allameh Tabatabai. Mulla Sadra's first reasoning [denial of birth based on the contradiction between precedence of existence and parental precedence] can be criticized and corrected due to the unnecessary involvement of the issue of "priority". Mulla Sadra's second reasoning [denial of birth due to the implication of possibility] is favorable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • the Surah of Tawhid
  • God
  • Avicenna
  • Mulla Sadra
  • Anthology

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