هستی‌شناسی اشیای دیجیتال: تحلیلی پساپدیدارشناسانه از "وجود" در جهان مجازی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه فرهنگیان

10.22061/orj.2026.12390.906

چکیده

گسترش روزافزون اشیای دیجیتال (نمایه‌های اجتماعی، ارزهای دیجیتال و چهرک‌ها) چارچوب‌های هستی‌شناختی سنتی مبتنی بر جوهر فیزیکی را به چالش کشیده است. رویکردهای موجود اغلب به فروکاهش هستی‌شناختی دچار شده و این اشیاء را به بستر فیزیکی (سخت‌افزار) یا مفهوم انتزاعی (اطلاعات) تقلیل می‌دهند و در نتیجه، از ارائه مبنایی برای تحلیل پیامدهای انضمامی آن‌ها در حوزه‌های حقوقی و اخلاقی باز می‌مانند. این پژوهش با هدف رفع این کاستی و با بهره‌گیری از روش‌شناسی پساپدیدارشناسانه، به دنبال ارائه یک هستی‌شناسی رابطه‌ای و چندپایدار برای فهم نحوه وجود اشیای دیجیتال است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد «هستی» یک شیء دیجیتال، امری ذاتی و ثابت نیست، بلکه به صورت پویا در سه نسبت اصلی بدنمندی (امتداد خود)، هرمنوتیک (متن قابل تفسیر) و غیریت (شبه‌دیگری) و بسته به زمینه تعامل انسان-فناوری شکل می‌گیرد. دستاورد نهایی این پژوهش، ارائه چارچوبی است که با عبور از دوگانه ساده‌انگارانه واقعی/مجازی، مبنای فلسفی دقیق‌تری برای پرداختن به مسائل نوظهوری چون هویت مجازی، مالکیت دیجیتال و عاملیت اخلاقی هوش مصنوعی فراهم می‌آورد و پرسش را از «چیستی» شیء به «چگونگی تجربه شدن» آن سوق می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Ontology of Digital Objects: A Postphenomenological Analysis of "Being" in the Virtual World

نویسنده [English]

  • Hamid Ahmadi-Hedayat
faculty member of farhangian university
چکیده [English]

The proliferation of digital objects—such as social profiles, cryptocurrencies, and avatars—challenges traditional ontological frameworks premised on physical substance. Existing approaches often commit a form of ontological reductionism, reducing these objects to either their physical substrate (hardware) or an abstract concept (information). Consequently, they fail to provide a robust foundation for analyzing the concrete legal and ethical implications of these entities. To address this deficit, this study employs a postphenomenological methodology to propose a relational and multistable ontology for understanding the mode of being of digital objects. The findings reveal that the being of a digital object is not intrinsic or static. Instead, it is dynamically constituted through three primary relations, contingent upon the context of human-technology interaction: an embodiment relation (as an extension of the self), a hermeneutic relation (as an interpretable text), and an alterity relation (as a quasi-other). The primary contribution of this research is a framework that transcends the simplistic real/virtual dichotomy. It provides a more precise philosophical foundation for addressing emerging issues such as virtual identity, digital ownership, and the moral agency of artificial intelligence, ultimately shifting the inquiry from what a digital object is to how it is experienced.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ontology
  • Digital Objects
  • Postphenomenology
  • Technological Mediation
  • Virtual Reality
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