Meaning of being in Aristotle’s Ontology and its transformation with Peripatetic philosophers

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Professor of Philosophy of Allameh Tabatabaii University

2 PhD Student Philosophy of Allameh Tabatabaii University

Abstract

Being is the first basis of recognition and the first issue for the metaphysics. Aristotle has said in different pages of the metaphysics on "being qua being" means “to on” and emphasized," Being has various meanings." He, rather than 'Being', has used "being" or existent. He, in the seventh book, has said: What has long been a source of confusion is that “what is being?” What does “being” mean? These meanings of existence, what effect does have on Aristotle's metaphysical system? Whether these meanings can be delivered to each or not? The meanings of "being” in Aristotle’s thought are controversial issue among scholars. Someone like Thomas Aquinas takes five senses and Farabi three senses and Avicenna five meanings for the existent. In this paper, while analyzing Aristotle's view based on metaphysics and looking at Thomas Aquino's perspective, we have delivered four meanings for "being" in Aristotelians. (Being of per accident, being of per true, being of potentiality and actuality, being of categories) And in fallowing, for the adventure of the meaning of "being", we will pay attention to the peripatetic philosophers, especially Farabi and Avicenna, according to their philosophical principles who have considered various meanings for the existent which are very different with Aristotle's meanings.

Keywords

References

Ibn Sina, (1997), al-Shifa, al-ilahiyyat, Corrected by Hasanzadeh Amoli, Qum. Maktabat Al-Eelam Al-Islami, Markaz Nashr. [In Arabic]
             , (1993), Al-Mobahisat, Corrected by Mohsen Bidar far, Qum: Bidar. [In Arabic].
            , (1997), Al-Isharat, Al-Tanbihat , Qum. Al-Balaqe [In Arabic]
             , (1985), Al-Mabdaa, Al-Maad, Tehran. Publications Institute of Islamic Studies of the Mag Gil University. [In Arabic]
             , (2001 a), Al-Taaliqat, Qum. Islamic Advertising Office. [In Arabic]
Aristotle, (2006), Metaphysic, translated by Sharaf al-din Khorasani, edition3, Tehran. Hikmat. [In Persian]
            , (2012), Metaphysic, translated by Mohammd Hasan Lotfi, Thehran. Tarhe Now. [In Persian]
            , (2000), On Soul, translated by Almyrid Davoudi, Tehran. Hikmat. [In Persian]
            , (2000), Logic, (Organon), translated by Mir-shams al-dine Adib Soltani, Tehran. Negah. [In Persian]
Aquinas, Thomas, (2003), On Being and Essence, translated by Forouzan Rassaki, Tehran. Negahe Moaser. [In Persian]
Ilkhani Mohammad, (2003), Letter of Ontology of Doctor's Classes at Shahid Beheshti University,[In Persian]
               , (2002), Metaphysic of Boethius, Tehran. Ilham. [In Persian]
Jabbari, Akbar, (2009), Question of existence by looking at the book of the existence and time of Martin Heidegger, Tehran. Kavir. [In Persian]
Gilson, Etienne, (2006), Being and some philosophers, translated by Hamidreza Talebzadeh In Cooperation with Mohammad Reza Shamshiri and Introduction to Karim Mojtahedi, Tehran. Hekmat. [In Persian]
Sa'idi Mehr, Mohammad (2008), “The position of categories in Aristotle logic”, Kayhan Andishe 71, Farvardin and Ordibehesht, (pp 138-157). [In Persian]
Farabi, Abu Nasr, (2008), al-Hroof, Introduction and Research Mohsen Mehdi, Beirut. Dar al-Mashriq. [In Arabic]
Ghavam Safari, Mehdi (2009), Formal Theory in Aristotle's Philosophy, Second Edition. Tehran. Hekmat. [In Persian]
Kakaiy, Mastaneh, (2012), “The Meanings of Existence in Thomas Aquinas' thought”, Wisdom and Philosophy, Seventh Year, Serial No. 27, pp. 87-73. [In Persian]
                 , (2016), “A comparative study of the meaning of existence in Avicenna and Thomas Aquinas”, Ontology Research, Year 4, Issue 7, Spring and Summer, pp. 102-83. [In Persian]
Kakaiy, Mastaneh, Abbasi Hossein Abadi, Hassan, (2018), "An Investigation of the Place of Energia and Entelechia in Aristotle's Thought",  Philosophical Meditations, No. 20, pp. 170-145. [In Persian]
                   , (2017), "The concept of God in the thought of Avicenna", Researches of the Philosophy of Religion, Year 6, No. 1, Pages 1-17. [In Persian]
Kendi, (2009), Rasael majmuee, Mahmoud Yousef Sani, Tehran. Scientific and Cultural Publishing. [In Persian]
Mesbah, Mohammad Taghi, (2013), Mishqat,Sharh Ilahyat Al-Shef, Qum. Imam Khomeini Institute of Education and Research, Second Edition. [In Persian]
Jaeger, Werner (2014), Aristotle, fundamentals of the history of his, translated with Hossein Kalbasi Ashtari, Q2, Tehran, Amir Kabir. [In Persian]
Adamson. Peter. s, (2000), The Arabic Plotinus: A Study of the “Theology of Aristotle”and Related texts, University of Notre Dame.
Aquinas Thomas, (1952), Summa theological, Daniel j. sullivan part1,by Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc, New york, London, Toronto
Aquinas Thomas, (1961), Commentary on the Metaphysics, Translated by John P. Rowan Chicago.
Austin, Scott, (1986), Parmenides Being, Bounds, and Logic, Yale University Press New Haven and London.
Brentano, Franz, (1975), On Several Senses of Being in Aristotle. Ed& trans. Rolf George, University of California Press.
DALE.JACQUETTE, (2004), The Cambridge Companion to Brentano, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS.
Joseph Owens, (1978), The Doctrine of Being in the Aristotelian Metaphysics, Pontifical institute of mediaeval studies Toronto Canada, third edition.
Gilson, Etienne, (1966),Philosophy Christian of s .Thomas Aquinas, Random House, New york.
De Wulf, Maurice, (1959),system of Thomas Aquinas, Dover Publication, INC. New york.
Journal of Ontological Researches
Volume 7, Issue 14
February 2019
Pages 19-37

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics