یقین به مثابة ظهور وجود در فلسفة صدرایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجائی

چکیده

طیفی یقین را متواطی دانسته و طایفه­ای از یقین و یقینی­تر سخن می­گویند. پرسش اساسی این جستار این است: چگونه می­توان بر اساس نگرش وجودی از یقین مشکک سخن گفت؟ دستاوردهای این پژوهش عبارتند از: بنابرآنکه وجود مشکک است و یقین به مثابة رخداد وجودی یا حالتی از وجود مطرح است یقین بحسب ساحت هستی شناختی، مشکک است.در این جستار از چهار منظر و طریق، تشکیک در یقین استنباط شد: 1. یقین به مثابة ظهور و حالت وجود؛ 2. مکانیسم حصول و کارکرد وجودی؛ 3. مبادی شش­گانة یقین؛ 4. تنوع اسمایی. بنابر تشکیک در یقین در فلسفة صدرایی، به ترتیب گزارة بدیهی، گزارة نظری موجّه با شهود، گزارة نظری موجّه با استدلال، و گزارة نظری موجّه با اقناع، گزاره­های بیشتر یقینی به سمت گزاره­های کمتر یقینی هستند. این پژوهش مسبوق به سابقه نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Certainty as the manifestation of Existence in Sadra's theosophy

نویسنده [English]

  • Abdollah Salavati
Associate professor of Shahid Rajaee Teacher training university, Tehran, Iran,
چکیده [English]

Some has regarded the certainty as a univocal concept, but some considered it as a gradational notion which spoken of certainty and more certainty. The main question is: has certainty in Sadra's philosophy been regarded as univocal or gradational? In other words: how can certainty be explained in the existential approach? The achievements of this research are: since the being is gradational reality and certainty can be considered as an existential phenomenon or a state of being, certainty will be gradational concept ontologically. In Mulla Sadra’s works, at least four syntaxes of certainty can be concluded: 1. the certainty as a manifestation and the state of being; 2. the mechanism of the acquisition and the existential function; 3. Six-based of certainty; 4. spectacular variety. Therefore, the certainty as regarded in Mulla Sadra’s philosophy as a gradational thing can be applied to the obvious proposition, a justified statement acquired by intuition, a theoretical justified proposition acquired by reasoning, and a justified- hypothetical proposition obtained by persuasion, more precise propositions led to less certain propositions, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Certainty
  • gradational Certainty
  • Knowledge
  • being
  • Mulla Sadra
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